Saturday, October 8, 2011

Musicians Aren't Mindless: Educational Inequality in Performing Arts Schools

[University of Michigan, 2008]

“Hey white girl…move it.” I scrambled to my feet, picking up the books I had just clumsily dropped in the halls of my new high school. As I scooped up my belongings and continued on my way to class, I saw nothing but unfamiliar faces among the students and teachers. Walking into "Pre-Calculus," I could overhear my classmates talking about summer vacations and making plans for the weekend. I, however, was merely “the new girl,” the new junior at that, and nobody had anything to say to me. I sat quietly by myself and observed my surroundings, and as the teacher called the class to order, my first day at the Baltimore School for the Arts (BSA) began. 
            I am a musician. I had my first piano lesson at age five, and harp lessons began when I was twelve. Music has always been the most important aspect of my life, so when in the tenth grade my parents suggested that I consider a high school with a better music program, I was eager to explore the possibility. Moving halfway across the country, however, wasn’t exactly what I had in mind.
            When news arrived that I had been accepted into one of the top five performing arts high schools in the country[i], I was overwhelmed with a decision that would affect the rest of my high school career—even the rest of my life. But after a few short days, it was decided that I would move from Trenton, Michigan, where I had lived since the day of my birth, to Lutherville, Maryland, where I would be living with my aunt, uncle, and cousin while attending the Baltimore School for the Arts in the city.
In August, my dad and I made the ten-hour drive to Baltimore. As we pulled into my aunt’s driveway, a house I’d been to twice in my entire life, I wondered what exactly I was getting myself into. I had left my friends, my family, and the comfort of Trenton, Michigan for a new school, a new city, a new home, and a new education. Needless to say, I was quite nervous when it came time for my first day of school.
            Racism, I discovered, is not a one-way street. 68% of my school was black, and for the first time in my life, I was part of a racial minority. My pink Gap sweater, which I had carefully selected as part of my "first day of school outfit," was obnoxiously preppy among a sea of baggy pants and sideways caps.  My proper grammar usage was snobbish and unnecessary between earfuls of "ain't got none"s and "sup dawg”s. Even my name—Mariah—must have sounded well-mannered compared to the three Paris', one Shaneequah, and a handful of Jamal's in my chorus class alone. I was shot glares, looked up and down, and excluded from classroom conversations. Nobody invited me to parties, nobody sat with me at lunch, and nobody liked my sweaters.
But the moment I sat down at that piano, curious ears perked in my direction. Once-condescending eyes softened up just slightly, and soon I was on my way to making friends. After my first performance—a Brahms Intermezzo—I finally gained the respect of my peers. Respect at BSA, I found, was something earned, not something deserved. After my classmates heard me play, they began to open up to me. I was finally allowed to be a part of their club: "For a white girl, you can really play!" they joked. Not exactly a compliment, I thought to myself, but I'll take it. I was happy to have any social interaction at all, and the more I opened up, the more friends I made.
And boy, were these kids talented. The school was divided into divisions of dance, theatre, music and art, and every student was gifted. Chorus was required for all music students, and as I timidly tested the waters of my vocal range with the rest of the sopranos, girls towered next to me, belting out praises to the Lord in entire octave ranges above my small voice. Friday student recitals revealed students effortlessly producing entire Mozart concertos from their oboes—from memory—with musicality and passion to boot. These same students would participate in four-hour jam sessions with their friends after school, creating soul-stirring music and transcending listeners to private worlds of introspection, fantasy, nostalgia, or pure wonderment. My peers at the Baltimore School for the Arts were the Louis Armstrongs and Josh Bells of the future, and I was slowly accepted and assimilated into their world.
            Academics, however, were a completely different story. For many students, trigonometry and sentence structure were as foreign a concept as dynamic markings are to a quarterback. While they shone in studios and on stages, students suffered in the classroom.
In Ron Suskin’s “Rise and Shine” and Mike Rose’s “I Just Wanna Be Average,” educators consistently fail to challenge students such as Cedric and Mike, often barely teaching at all.[ii][iii] At BSA, it was likewise the teachers themselves that served educational inequality on massive trays of "they just aren't smart enough," seasoned heavily with "they need to spend time practicing, not studying," and disguised on the menu as "We send kids to conservatories! Peabody…Juilliard!" In my "Pre-Calculus" class, we were learning advanced algebra. In “physics,” we watched Finding Nemo and did the crossword from The Baltimore Sun. My honors English class was an exception, and we read classics such as All the Kings Men and explored our creativity by writing poems, short stories, and even research papers. But instead of Spanish or French class, I practiced piano. Instead of a business or computer class, I took advanced music theory. Instead of college preparation, I had conservatory preparation—though a damn good preparation, it most certainly was.
            After a few months at Baltimore School for the Arts, I had successfully memorized and performed an entire Beethoven sonata (not an easy feat for a pianist) and I could sightsing each of the seven modal scales in any key without difficulty. I was taking private harp lessons from Peabody Conservatory's Jeanne Chalifoux—who had studied with the most significant harpist of the twentieth century, Carlos Salzedo—and my piano technique had solidified to a point where I could readily play any scale, any arpeggio, and any technical exercise put in front of me. My musical flower had finally blossomed to its fullest, and my new school had unquestionably given me all of the water and sunlight that I had needed and longed for without even realizing it.
            In "I Just Wanna Be Average," Rose uses descriptive detail to paint a vivid picture of his home in South Los Angeles. He meticulously describes every angle of every room, making the reader feel as if he or she were actually walking through his house[iv]. If I were to similarly describe the house—mansion—of my aunt and uncle, I would exhaust at least three full pages of text.  Suffice to say, I lived in the "west wing," had my own bathroom and balcony, and soon discovered an entirely separate apartment in the basement of the house, which was rented out to a recent college graduate. My uncle, the president of the Ewing Marion Kaufmann Foundation and often featured in Forbes magazine, is an extremely powerful man. My aunt, the woman I look up to most in this world, is the first woman to publicly serve on the New York Stock Exchange Board of Directors. My school life and home life were polar opposites; for lunch I ate peanut butter and jelly with the son of a convicted felon, in a run-down cafeteria that smelled of burnt macaroni. Hours later, I sat down to a lamb dinner with the governor of Maryland, in a dining room adjoining the area where two Steinway pianos faced each other.
My fourteen-year-old cousin Victoria attended a private school with an annual tuition three times that of my in-state tuition at University of Michigan. As Victoria and I grew closer (we're more like sisters than cousins), the qualities of our educational experiences grew increasingly apparent. In the mornings, she drank a protein shake in her school uniform while I munched on cereal, donning a mundane t-shirt with eccentric jewelry. (My Gap sweaters were quickly shoved to the rear of my closet.) As she carpooled to her private school in her friend's brand new Hummer, I was dropped off at the light rail station that usually but not always made it to downtown Baltimore, where I would walk to my public school. As Victoria rode comfortably in heated seats behind locked doors, I stood cramped between a smelly, fat man and a woman with a screaming baby, nervously watching a bum who was eyeing my messenger bag. Transportation was the least of our differences; Victoria—an eighth grader still in middle school—was studying SAT words I couldn’t even pronounce and completing AP courses my high school would never dream of offering. Stanford lacrosse recruiters were already scouting her, and many students from my school probably hadn't the slightest idea of how to hold a stick. While Victoria and her peppy friends drank café lattes from Starbucks to match their side pony tails and Ugg boots, my classmates were snorting cocaine so they could practice six hours instead of five before their big audition. Finally, while Victoria socialized at the shopping mall on weekends, I watched teenagers inject heroine into their bloodstream to better understand a painting and attended my first kegger, hosted by the lead in the theater department's spring musical. Somehow, however, we remained close, and saw each other's contrasting lifestyles as interesting and different rather than weird or freakish.
"Students will float to the mark you set," writes Rose.[v] At Baltimore School for the Arts, students were certainly drifting miles above the ozone layer in their artistic capabilities and creative expression, but they were sinking downward—and fast—in academics. For while newspapers and acclaimed musicians, parents and pop stars (such as BSA alumni Jada Pinkett Smith) lauded the students as musical, theatrical and artistic prodigies, teachers of math and science were simply giving up on instructing real academic subjects in the name of the arts.
In “Rise and Shine,” Cedric wanted more from his public high school education. While other students were punching teachers or goofing off in class, Cedric worried about MIT and the “fuzzy notion of his future.”[vi] My classmates at BSA may have been more concerned about auditions that SAT tests, but I knew that a professional music career might not be for me. I studied from a Kaplan SAT prep book and improved my score twice. My school may have preferred the language of music to the studies of French or Italian, but I kept up with my Spanish by conversing with the Mexican gardener my uncle hired to upkeep their two acres of property.
And just like both Cedric and Mike, my school was in the city. I experienced firsthand the problems of urban life: drugs, violence and poverty surrounded me from the short walk to the light rail station to the metal detectors of my school in downtown Baltimore each day.
Marvin L. Winans Academy of Performing Arts is a public charter school, just like Baltimore School for the Arts. Of the 72 students that took the MEAP math test in 2007, only 9 were proficient. 13 were partially proficient, and 50 students tested below the proficient level[vii]. Having experienced educational inequality myself, I am fully prepared to help these elementary school students face and overcome the academic challenges of their school system. Furthermore, I am excited and eager to help these kids discover and develop their musical skills just as I did; more importantly, I know that my experience at Baltimore School for the Arts will enable me to enable them to convert their musical and creativity abilities into written creative expression.


Notes



[ii] Ron Suskind, A Hope in the Unseen: An American Odyssey from the Inner City to the Ivy League (New York: Broadway Books, 1998) 44-76
[iii] Mike Rose, Live on the Boundary (New York: Penguin, 1989) 22-51.
[iv] Rose 22-51.
[v] Rose 22-51.
[vi] Suskind 33-76.

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